Alicess - thanks for that. The study you linked to relates to women with very severe pms and also uses progesterone at extremely high doses not used in HRT - and is a very early study. It doesn't look as though it was placebo controlled and refers to SHBG binding capacity not necessarily SHBG itself so will reserve judgement on that one for the time being! Interesting though....
Thanks for the refs to the other thread and will have a read of those another time.
Tibolone is a special case as it is not oestrogen, progesterone nor testosterone but breaks down into compounds which have activity similar to these three hormones. I know it reduces SHBG which is one of the mechanisms by which it is thought to increase libido as it increases free T, as well as the testosterone-like metabolite also binding to androgen receptors ( this is from memory!).
Interesting that about levonorgestrel. I knew that some of the testosterone derived progestogens bind to androgen recpeotrs hence for some women help with libido but didn't know about the SHBG effect as with the Tibolone metabolite.
re the last ref - yes I think it's well known that in some tissues progesterone interferes with the (beneficial) effect of oestrogen but that still doesn't explain re SHBG which is separate from the hormones' effects on receptors.
Aaagh it's all so complicated! I think we struggle because it is still not all fully understood, and because of this there is no clear summary or review with mechanistic explanations!
The whole point about utrogestan ie progesterone is that it is our own progesterone and as such is not androgenic,, and therefore has the same metabolic effect - the others are synthetic. The side effects are due to the large doses needed in HRT and high quantities of metabolites especially after oral ingestion.
Sorry Kathleen this is not about oestrogen!
Thanks for the refs Alicess...
Hurdity x