I know Chipping Sodbury and you wouldn't go far wrong if you chose there or nearby. It is a bigger old market town with shops and several pubs and has retained nice shops like Hobbs Bakery, Poppy's Tea rooms, small library,florist etc. There are buses into Bristol and you are near the motorway.
I would advise against Yate which is next to Chipping Sodbury - it does now have a train station again i think and has a shopping centre. There has been a lot of development in Yate over the years - the shopping centre is bulk standard shops - health centre there and i think a cinema complex is coming to Yate.
There is always Old Sodbury other side of Chipping Sodbury - a bit smaller village that you pass through to get to main road for the motorway. People often used to have their photo taken by the Old Sodbury sign - standing over the 'bury' bit !
Depends what you want - there are other nice villages around Sodbury but you wouldn't have the facilities that Sodbury has.
Clifton Bristol would be expensive.
Hattie X